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AI (R)Evolution in Chemistry and Physics

Date:
27
Monday
May
2024
Colloquium
Time: 11:00-12:15
Title: Annual Pearlman Lecture
Location: Gerhard M.J. Schmidt Lecture Hall
Lecturer: Prof. Alexandre Tkatchenko
Organizer: Department of Molecular Chemistry and Materials Science
Abstract: Learning from data has led to paradigm shifts in a multitude of disciplines, inc ... Read more Learning from data has led to paradigm shifts in a multitude of disciplines, including web, text and image search and generation, speech recognition, as well as bioinformatics. Can machine learning enable similar breakthroughs in understanding (quantum) molecules and materials? Aiming towards a unified machine learning (ML) model of molecular interactions in chemical space, I will discuss the potential and challenges for using ML techniques in chemistry and physics. ML methods can not only accurately estimate molecular properties of large datasets, but they can also lead to new insights into chemical similarity, aromaticity, reactivity, and molecular dynamics. For example, the combination of reliable molecular data with ML methods has enabled a fully quantitative simulation of protein dynamics in water (https://arxiv.org/abs/2205.08306). While the potential of machine learning for revealing insights into molecules and materials is high, I will conclude my talk by discussing the many remaining challenges.
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Immunological aspects of immune checkpoint blockade

Date:
27
Thursday
June
2024
Lecture / Seminar
Time: 14:00-15:00
Location: Max and Lillian Candiotty Building
Lecturer: Prof. Yuval Shaked
Organizer: Dwek Institute for Cancer Therapy Research
Details: Meeting URL: https://weizmann.zoom.us/j/5065402023?pwd=a3Z6KzRCU0xJaUFoM2Y5emZw ... Read more Meeting URL: https://weizmann.zoom.us/j/5065402023?pwd=a3Z6KzRCU0xJaUFoM2Y5emZwZm1oZz09
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Immunology and Regenerative Biology Colloquium

Date:
24
Tuesday
September
2024
Lecture / Seminar
Time: 11:00-12:00
Location: Max and Lillian Candiotty Building
Lecturer: Dr. Kari K. Alitalo
Organizer: Department of Immunology and Regenerative Biology

Immunology and Regenerative Biology Colloquium

Date:
03
Sunday
November
2024
Lecture / Seminar
Time: 11:00-12:00
Location: Max and Lillian Candiotty Building
Lecturer: Prof. Paul Kubes
Organizer: Department of Immunology and Regenerative Biology

Immunology and Regenerative Biology Colloquium

Date:
09
Monday
December
2024
Lecture / Seminar
Time: 11:00-12:00
Location: Max and Lillian Candiotty Building
Lecturer: Prof. Kingston HG Mills
Organizer: Department of Immunology and Regenerative Biology

Immunology and Regenerative Biology Colloquium

Date:
15
Wednesday
January
2025
Lecture / Seminar
Time: 11:00-12:00
Location: Max and Lillian Candiotty Building
Lecturer: Prof. Matthias Gunzer
Organizer: Department of Immunology and Regenerative Biology

Immunology and Regenerative Biology Colloquium

Date:
12
Wednesday
February
2025
Lecture / Seminar
Time: 11:00-12:00
Location: Max and Lillian Candiotty Building
Lecturer: Prof. David Artis
Organizer: Department of Immunology and Regenerative Biology

Immunology and Regenerative Biology Colloquium

Date:
05
Wednesday
March
2025
Lecture / Seminar
Time: 11:00-12:00
Location: Max and Lillian Candiotty Building
Lecturer: Prof. Ralf Adams
Organizer: Department of Immunology and Regenerative Biology

Immunology and Regenerative Biology Colloquium

Date:
07
Monday
April
2025
Lecture / Seminar
Time: 11:00-12:00
Location: Max and Lillian Candiotty Building
Lecturer: Prof. Vijay K. Kuchroo
Organizer: Department of Immunology and Regenerative Biology

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    Melanosomes as cancer immune modulators

    Date:
    11
    Thursday
    April
    2024
    Lecture / Seminar
    Time: 14:00-15:00
    Location: Max and Lillian Candiotty Building
    Lecturer: Prof. Carmit Levy
    Organizer: Dwek Institute for Cancer Therapy Research
    Details: For joining remotely please use Zoom: https://weizmann.zoom.us/j/5065402023?pwd= ... Read more For joining remotely please use Zoom: https://weizmann.zoom.us/j/5065402023?pwd=a3Z6KzRCU0xJaUFoM2Y5emZwZm1oZz09 Meeting ID: 506 540 2023 Password: 223081
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    Immunology and Regenerative Biology Colloquium

    Date:
    28
    Wednesday
    February
    2024
    Lecture / Seminar
    Time: 11:00-12:00
    Title: Multi-Potent Lung Stem Cells for Lung Regeneration
    Location: Max and Lillian Candiotty Building
    Lecturer: Prof. Yair Reisner
    Organizer: Department of Immunology and Regenerative Biology

    German Israeli Immunology Workshop

    Date:
    14
    Wednesday
    February
    2024
    -
    15
    Thursday
    February
    2024
    Conference
    Time: 08:00
    Location: The David Lopatie Conference Centre

    The Language of Bacterial Pathogens, Commensals, and Biomedical Potentials

    Date:
    08
    Thursday
    February
    2024
    Lecture / Seminar
    Time: 15:00-16:00
    Location: Nella and Leon Benoziyo Building for Biological Sciences
    Lecturer: Dr. Neta Sal-Man
    Organizer: Department of Biomolecular Sciences
    Abstract: Reported cases of diarrheal samples exhibiting co-infections or multiple infecti ... Read more Reported cases of diarrheal samples exhibiting co-infections or multiple infections with two or more infectious agents are on the rise, likely due to advances in bacterial diagnostic techniques. Our work aims to decode the communication between bacterial pathogens within the digestive system and investigates whether they compete or cooperate. Additionally, we examine how commensal strains of the microbiome intercept this communication through specific metabolites
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    Next-generation antibody-based cancer immunotherapies

    Date:
    11
    Thursday
    January
    2024
    Lecture / Seminar
    Time: 14:00-15:00
    Location: Max and Lillian Candiotty Building
    Lecturer: Dr. Rony Dahan
    Organizer: Dwek Institute for Cancer Therapy Research
    Details: Meeting URL: https://weizmann.zoom.us/j/5065402023?pwd=a3Z6KzRCU0xJaUFoM2Y5emZw ... Read more Meeting URL: https://weizmann.zoom.us/j/5065402023?pwd=a3Z6KzRCU0xJaUFoM2Y5emZwZm1oZz09
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    Immunoception: Brain Representation and Control of Immunity

    Date:
    09
    Tuesday
    January
    2024
    Lecture / Seminar
    Time: 13:00
    Location: Wolfson Building for Biological Research
    Lecturer: Prof. Asya Rolls
    Organizer: Department of Brain Sciences
    Details: Host. Dr. Yoav Livneh yoav.livneh@weizmann.ac.il For accessibility issues: na ... Read more Host. Dr. Yoav Livneh yoav.livneh@weizmann.ac.il For accessibility issues: naomi.moses@weizmann.ac.il
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    Abstract: To function as an integrated entity, the organism must synchronize between behav ... Read more To function as an integrated entity, the organism must synchronize between behavior and physiology. Our research focuses on probing this synchronization through the lens of the brain-immune system interface. The immune system, pivotal in preserving the organism's integrity, is also a sensitive barometer of its overall state. I will discuss the emerging understanding of how the brain represents the state of the immune system and the specific neural mechanisms that enable the brain to orchestrate immune responses.
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    Dissecting the role of peripheral immunity in Alzheimer’s Disease pathogenesis and disease course

    Date:
    23
    Thursday
    November
    2023
    Lecture / Seminar
    Time: 11:30-12:30
    Title: Student Seminar PhD Thesis Defense ZOOM
    Lecturer: Tommaso Croese PhD Defense
    Organizer: Department of Brain Sciences
    Details: Zoom Link: https://weizmann.zoom.us/j/5420322495?pwd=ZmhUR0kxWTB6aDh0bklBNFlzV1J ... Read more Zoom Link: https://weizmann.zoom.us/j/5420322495?pwd=ZmhUR0kxWTB6aDh0bklBNFlzV1JNdz09 Meeting ID: 542 032 2495 Password: 862769
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    Abstract: Recent research has increasingly focused on the intricate interactions between t ... Read more Recent research has increasingly focused on the intricate interactions between the brain and the immune system, a critical line of inquiry for understanding neurological disorders like Alzheimer's Disease (AD). AD, once defined primarily by amyloid-β and tau aggregations, is now being explored for its complex interplay with immune processes, offering a deeper understanding of its development. This study delves into the dynamic relationship between the brain and the immune system, utilizing human samples from individuals predisposed to AD and various preclinical models. Our findings reveal that both environmental and genetic risk factors for AD significantly influence immune phenotypes and functions, which in turn impact disease progression. Further, we discovered that disrupting brain-spleen communication alters myeloid cell fate and cognitive performance in 5xFAD mice. These insights demonstrate the profound and reciprocal influence between the brain and the immune system. They underscore the importance of these interactions in understanding not only AD but also a wider array of neurological conditions, suggesting that this interplay is crucial for comprehending the complexities of such diseases. Zoom Link: https://weizmann.zoom.us/j/5420322495?pwd=ZmhUR0kxWTB6aDh0bklBNFlzV1JNdz09 Meeting ID: 542 032 2495 Password: 862769
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    Dissecting the immune-controlled signaling networks driving breast cancer progression

    Date:
    28
    Thursday
    September
    2023
    Lecture / Seminar
    Time: 14:00-15:00
    Location: Max and Lillian Candiotty Building
    Lecturer: Dr. Merav Cohen
    Organizer: Dwek Institute for Cancer Therapy Research
    Details: Meeting URL: https://weizmann.zoom.us/j/5065402023?pwd=a3Z6KzRCU0xJaUFoM2Y5emZwZ ... Read more Meeting URL: https://weizmann.zoom.us/j/5065402023?pwd=a3Z6KzRCU0xJaUFoM2Y5emZwZm1oZz09
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    Intra-host evolution of HIV env after broadly-neutralizing antibody infusion

    Date:
    15
    Tuesday
    August
    2023
    Lecture / Seminar
    Time: 14:00-15:00
    Location: Gerhard M.J. Schmidt Lecture Hall
    Lecturer: Dr. Frida Belinky
    Organizer: Department of Chemical and Structural Biology

    PhD Thesis Defense by Amichay Afriat (Shalev Itzkovitz Lab)

    Date:
    10
    Monday
    July
    2023
    Lecture / Seminar
    Time: 12:00-14:00
    Title: Spatio-temporal analysis of host-pathogen interactions in zonatedmetabolic tissues
    Location: Ullmann Building of Life Sciences
    Lecturer: Amichay Afriat
    Organizer: Department of Molecular Cell Biology

    Localized but not Systemic Type I Interferon Therapy Improves Immune Infiltration and PD-blockade in a Mouse Melanoma Model

    Date:
    27
    Tuesday
    June
    2023
    Lecture / Seminar
    Time: 10:00-11:00
    Location: Nella and Leon Benoziyo Building for Biological Sciences
    Lecturer: Dr. Daniel Harari
    Organizer: Department of Biomolecular Sciences
    Abstract: Daniel Harari 1, Ron Rotkopf 2, Shlomit Reich-Zeliger 3, Mathumathi Krishnamohan ... Read more Daniel Harari 1, Ron Rotkopf 2, Shlomit Reich-Zeliger 3, Mathumathi Krishnamohan 1, Alona Dov 1, Vladislav Volchinski 1 and Gideon Schreiber 1 1. Dept. Biomolecular Sciences, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel 2. Bioinformatics Unit, The Weizmann Institute of Science 3. Dept. Immunology, The Weizmann Institute of Science Transcriptomic analysis of tumor biopsies from metastatic melanoma patients (SKCM-TCGA) demonstrates a profound survival advantage for approximately one-third of patients who exhibit the highest levels of intratumoral type I Interferon (IFN-I) signaling (Hazard Ratio 0.36; Pr: 4E-06), these which coincide with a sharp increase in transcripts indicating infiltration of CD4-T, CD8-T, B-cells and Macrophages to the tumors. Pathway analysis furthermore demonstrates that these patients exhibit T- and B-cell activation and a Th-1 response. To test if IFN-I signaling is central to and not simply correlating with these associated factors, we employed an adeno-associated virus (AAV) delivery system, locally expressing mouse IFNβ in B16F10 cells grafted into congenic C57BL/6 mice, this a known cold tumor model particularly hard to treat. Whereas anti-PDL1 monotherapy had no response in this model, combination therapy slowed, and in some cases cleared the mice of tumors. AAV-IFNβ monotherapy alone can slow but will not cure the mice. In sharp contrast to localized IFN delivery, systemic IFN therapy showed no beneficial effects in slowing tumor growth. To examine this more deeply, we injected the mice bilaterally with B16F10 tumors, where one tumor received AAV- IFNβ and the contralateral tumor received control. Both the injected and contralateral tumors nevertheless demonstrated a large reduction in tumor size, this effect lost when repeated using IFNAR2 knockout mice. Furthermore both the IFN-treated and contralateral tumors exhibited a large increase in CD3+CD4+ and CD3+CD4- lymphocytes. We submit that enforcing localized IFN-I signaling to a tumor in melanoma can drive immune cell infiltration, with the potential to elicit a systemic immune response, and possibly even cure, particularly when used in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors.
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    Immunology and Regenerative Biology Colloquium

    Date:
    19
    Monday
    June
    2023
    Lecture / Seminar
    Time: 11:00-12:00
    Title: “Tackling Big Questions in TB: a View from South Africa”
    Location: Max and Lillian Candiotty Building
    Lecturer: Prof. Valerie Mizrahi
    Organizer: Department of Immunology and Regenerative Biology

    Stromal and immune plasticity shape the metastatic microenvironment

    Date:
    18
    Thursday
    May
    2023
    Lecture / Seminar
    Time: 14:00-15:00
    Location: Max and Lillian Candiotty Building
    Lecturer: Prof. Neta Erez
    Organizer: Dwek Institute for Cancer Therapy Research
    Details: Meeting URL: https://weizmann.zoom.us/j/5065402023?pwd=a3Z6KzRCU0xJaUFoM2Y5emZwZ ... Read more Meeting URL: https://weizmann.zoom.us/j/5065402023?pwd=a3Z6KzRCU0xJaUFoM2Y5emZwZm1oZz09
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    Immunology and Regenerative Biology Colloquium

    Date:
    14
    Sunday
    May
    2023
    Lecture / Seminar
    Time: 11:00-12:00
    Title: The behavior and influence of neutrophil granulocytes under physiological and pathological conditions
    Location: Max and Lillian Candiotty Building
    Lecturer: Prof. Matthias Gunzer
    Organizer: Department of Immunology and Regenerative Biology

    Toward complete computational optimization of antibody

    Date:
    04
    Thursday
    May
    2023
    Lecture / Seminar
    Time: 09:00-10:00
    Location: Max and Lillian Candiotty Building
    Lecturer: Ariel Tennenhouse, hosted by Dr. Ira Zaretsky
    Organizer: Department of Life Sciences Core Facilities

    Immunology and Regenerative Biology Colloquium

    Date:
    23
    Sunday
    April
    2023
    Lecture / Seminar
    Time: 11:00-12:00
    Title: "RNA-targeting opportunities in age-related disorders"
    Location: Max and Lillian Candiotty Building
    Lecturer: Prof. Fabrizio d'Adda di Fagagna
    Organizer: Department of Immunology and Regenerative Biology

    Turning immune “cold” into immune “hot” tumors by reverting the tumor microenvironment into hostile to the cancer cells.

    Date:
    30
    Thursday
    March
    2023
    Lecture / Seminar
    Time: 14:00-15:00
    Location: Max and Lillian Candiotty Building
    Lecturer: Prof. Avigdor Scherz
    Organizer: Dwek Institute for Cancer Therapy Research
    Details: Meeting URL: https://weizmann.zoom.us/j/5065402023?pwd=a3Z6KzRCU0xJaUFoM2Y5emZwZ ... Read more Meeting URL: https://weizmann.zoom.us/j/5065402023?pwd=a3Z6KzRCU0xJaUFoM2Y5emZwZm1oZz09
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    Fascinating World of Plant Volatiles: Beyond the Traditional View

    Date:
    26
    Sunday
    March
    2023
    Lecture / Seminar
    Time: 11:30-12:30
    Location: Nella and Leon Benoziyo Building for Biological Sciences
    Lecturer: Prof. Natalia Doudareva
    Organizer: Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences
    Abstract: Abstract: Plants synthesize an amazing diversity of volatile organic compounds ... Read more Abstract: Plants synthesize an amazing diversity of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that facilitate interactions with their environment, ranging from attracting pollinators and seed dispersers to protecting themselves from pathogens, parasites, and herbivores. Plants are also targets of released compounds as a part of plant-plant communication, as well as plant-insect and plant-microbe interactions. They are constantly exposed to atmospheric VOCs and can differentiate and respond to specific cues. Therefore, VOC release out of the cell and perception of emitted volatiles are an essential part of information exchange. The presented results will cover different aspects of VOC biosynthesis and emission including the involvement of heterodimeric enzymes in VOC biosynthesis, the role of transporters, lipid transfer proteins and lipid droplets in VOC trafficking out o! f the cell, and the function of the cuticle as an integral member of the overall VOC biosynthetic network. This presentation will also discuss the latest knowledge about VOC perception: from an inter-organ aerial transport of VOCs via natural fumigation and hormone-like function for terpenoid compounds to a signaling pathway(s) involved.
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    Immunology and Regenerative Biology Colloquium

    Date:
    26
    Sunday
    March
    2023
    Lecture / Seminar
    Time: 11:00-12:00
    Location: Wolfson Building for Biological Research
    Lecturer: Prof. Francisco J. Quintana
    Organizer: Department of Immunology and Regenerative Biology

    Autotaxin in the tumor microenvironment: from discovery to metastasis and immune evasion

    Date:
    23
    Thursday
    March
    2023
    Lecture / Seminar
    Time: 14:00-15:00
    Location: Max and Lillian Candiotty Building
    Lecturer: Prof. Wouter Moolenaar
    Organizer: Dwek Institute for Cancer Therapy Research
    Details: Meeting URL: https://weizmann.zoom.us/j/5065402023?pwd=a3Z6KzRCU0xJaUFoM2Y5emZwZ ... Read more Meeting URL: https://weizmann.zoom.us/j/5065402023?pwd=a3Z6KzRCU0xJaUFoM2Y5emZwZm1oZz09
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    Shigella flexneri vacuolar rupture : Near-native in cellulo structure-function analysis

    Date:
    12
    Sunday
    March
    2023
    Lecture / Seminar
    Time: 13:30-14:30
    Location: Nella and Leon Benoziyo Building for Biological Sciences
    Lecturer: Léa SWISTAK
    Organizer: Department of Biomolecular Sciences
    Abstract: Shigella flexneri is a bacterial entero-invasive pathogen transmitted through th ... Read more Shigella flexneri is a bacterial entero-invasive pathogen transmitted through the fecal/oral route causing bacillary dysentery in humans. Shigella pathogenicity solely relies on a needle-like molecular syringe, the Type 3 Secretion System (T3SS) that injects more than 20 bacterial effectors to infect colonic epithelial cells. The T3SS is composed of a basal body that controls and initiates effector secretion and a needle complex that acts as a conduit for effector delivery. The needle is capped by a tip complex that regulates whether the needle is closed or whether it secretes. Sensing of host cells by the needle tip complex induces a conformational switch that remodels the tip and activates the T3SS to form a channel, the translocon pore at the distal end. Effectors are then actively secreted, promoting cell invasion and endocytosis of the bacteria in a tight vacuole derived from the host plasma membrane called Bacteria Containing Vacuole (BCV). Quickly after entry, the pathogen ruptures its BCV and establish a replicative cytosolic niche. Vacuolar rupture consists of a first step of BCV breakage followed by BCV remnants unpeeling. The team has identified bacterial effectors promoting efficient vacuole unpeeling but the direct role of the T3SS in membrane destabilization is not clear. I have overcome these limitations by investigating the T3SS/vacuole interactions at the onset of vacuolar rupture using a novel cryo-Correlative Light Electron Microscopy (CLEM) workflow applied in situ, during the host-pathogen crosstalk. Cryo-CLEM allows the combination of high-resolution information in 3D, accessed via cryo-Electron Tomography (cryo-ET) to functional information brought by light microscopy. This pipeline benefits from in-house custom-built genetically encoded reporter cell lines which are used to identify precise steps of the infection at high spatiotemporal resolution. Using this workflow, I collected cryo-ET data on Shigella-infected epithelial cells. I have been able to visualize the Shigella T3SS at molecular resolution providing unprecedented information. Particularly, I am looking at (i) the contact sites between T3SS and BCV membrane; (ii) T3SS morphologies depending on its activation state. Together this work will allow to precisely describe the interplay between host and bacteria processes.
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    Sensitizing P-selectin-expressing brain malignancies to immune checkpoint modulators

    Date:
    16
    Thursday
    February
    2023
    Lecture / Seminar
    Time: 14:00-15:00
    Location: Max and Lillian Candiotty Building
    Lecturer: Prof. Ronit Satchi-Fainaro, PhD
    Organizer: Dwek Institute for Cancer Therapy Research
    Details: https://weizmann.zoom.us/j/5065402023?pwd=a3Z6KzRCU0xJaUFoM2Y5emZwZm1oZz09

    The power of ONE: Immunology in the age of single cell genomics

    Date:
    05
    Thursday
    January
    2023
    Lecture / Seminar
    Time: 14:00-15:00
    Location: Max and Lillian Candiotty Building
    Lecturer: Prof. Ido Amit
    Organizer: Dwek Institute for Cancer Therapy Research
    Details: Meeting URL: https://weizmann.zoom.us/j/5065402023?pwd=a3Z6KzRCU0xJaUFoM2Y5emZwZ ... Read more Meeting URL: https://weizmann.zoom.us/j/5065402023?pwd=a3Z6KzRCU0xJaUFoM2Y5emZwZm1oZz09
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    Computational approaches for identifying genomic and metabolic predictors of cancer patient response to immune checkpoint blockade therapy

    Date:
    29
    Thursday
    December
    2022
    Lecture / Seminar
    Time: 14:00-15:00
    Location: Max and Lillian Candiotty Building
    Lecturer: Dr. Keren Yizhak
    Organizer: Dwek Institute for Cancer Therapy Research
    Details: https://weizmann.zoom.us/j/5065402023?pwd=a3Z6KzRCU0xJaUFoM2Y5emZwZm1oZz09

    Biosynthesis of Plant Natural Products: from the Colours of Beet to Defences in Wheat

    Date:
    27
    Tuesday
    December
    2022
    Lecture / Seminar
    Time: 11:30-12:30
    Location: Nella and Leon Benoziyo Building for Biological Sciences
    Lecturer: Dr. Guy Polturak
    Organizer: Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences
    Abstract: Plants produce a vast range of specialized metabolites that serve various roles, ... Read more Plants produce a vast range of specialized metabolites that serve various roles, including mediating interactions with their immediate environments and providing defence against (a)biotic stresses. The ‘omics era’ has brought a new golden age for plant specialized metabolism research, vastly accelerating the discovery of novel metabolites and our understanding of their biosynthesis, roles and regulation. Two studies exemplifying omics-driven discovery of metabolic pathways, in beet and in wheat, will be presented: 1. Betalains are red-violet and yellow pigments restricted to order Caryophyllales, which have attracted interest due to their health-promoting properties and use as food colorants. Transcriptomics-led discovery of enzymes catalyzing the last unknown step in betalain biosynthesis in red beet enabled us to heterologously produce these pigments in plants and microbes, providing a valuable platform for studying their in-planta roles and enabling their subsequent utilization as reporter genes and plant transformation markers. 2. Wheat is one of the most widely grown crops in the world but is susceptible to numerous pests and pathogens, leading to major annual losses. Despite its agricultural importance, current knowledge of wheat chemical defenses remains very limited. Using a genome mining approach we uncovered six previously unknown pathogen-induced metabolic pathways in hexaploid bread wheat, which produce a diverse set of molecules and are encoded by biosynthetic gene clusters. Discovery and characterization of these cluster-encoded metabolic pathways provides key insights into the molecular basis of biotic stress responses in wheat, thus opening new potential avenues for improvement of this major food crop.
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    RNA-Lipid Nanoparticles 2.0: From Gene Silencing to Genome Editing

    Date:
    25
    Sunday
    December
    2022
    Lecture / Seminar
    Time: 11:00-12:00
    Location: Perlman Chemical Sciences Building
    Lecturer: Prof. Dan Peer
    Organizer: Department of Molecular Chemistry and Materials Science
    Abstract: Accumulating work points out relevant genes and signaling pathways hampered in h ... Read more Accumulating work points out relevant genes and signaling pathways hampered in human disorders as potential candidates for therapeutics. Developing nucleic acid-based tools to manipulate gene expression, such as siRNAs, mRNA and genome editing strategies, open up opportunities for personalized medicine. Yet, although major progress was achieved in developing RNA targeted delivery carriers, mainly by utilizing monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) for targeting, their clinical translation has not occurred. In part because of massive development and production requirements and high batch-to-batch variability of current technologies, which relies on chemical conjugation. Here we present a self-assembled modular platform that enables to construct theoretically unlimited repertoire of RNA targeted carriers. The platform self-assembly is based on a membrane-anchored lipoprotein, incorporated into RNA-loaded novel, unique lipid nanoparticles that interact with the antibody Fc domain. We show that a simple switch of 8 different mAbs, redirects specific uptake of siRNAs by diverse leukocyte subsets in vivo. The platform therapeutic potential is demonstrated in an inflammatory bowel disease model, by targeting colon macrophages to reduce inflammatory symptoms, and in Mantle Cell Lymphoma xenograft model, by targeting cancer cells to induce cell death and improve survival. In addition, I will discuss novel approach for delivering modified mRNA to specific cell types in vivo utilizing this platform. I will also share some data on mRNA vaccines for COVID19 and Finally, I will share new data showing very high efficiency genome editing in glioma and metastatic ovarian cancer. This modular delivery platform can serve as a milestone in turning precision medicine feasible.
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    Atomic Resolution Structures of Amyloid Fibrils - Ab1-42 , Ab1-40 and b2-microglobulin

    Date:
    05
    Monday
    December
    2022
    Colloquium
    Time: 11:00-12:15
    Location: Gerhard M.J. Schmidt Lecture Hall
    Lecturer: Prof. Robert Guy Griffin
    Organizer: Faculty of Chemistry
    Abstract: Many peptides and proteins form amyloid fibrils whose detailed molecular structu ... Read more Many peptides and proteins form amyloid fibrils whose detailed molecular structure is of considerable functional and pathological importance. For example, amyloid is closely associated with the neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases. We review the macroscopic properties of fibrils and outline approaches to determining their microscopic structure using magic angle spinning (MAS) NMR with 2D and 3D dipole recoupling experiments involving spectral assignments and distance measurements. Key to obtaining high resolution is measurement of a sufficient number of NMR structural restraints (13C-13C and 13C-15N distances per residue). In addition, we demonstrate the applicability of 1H detection and dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) to amyloid structural studies. We discuss the structures of three different amyloids: (1) fibrils formed by Ab1-42, the toxic species in Alzheimer’s, using >500 distance constraints; (2) fibrils of Ab1-40, a second form of Ab with a different structure, and (3) a structure of fibrils forned by b2-microglobulin, the 99 amino acid protein associated with dialysis related amylosis, using ~1200 constraints. Contrary to conventional wisdom, the spectral data indicate that the molecules in the fibril are microscopically well ordered. In addition, the structures provide insight into the mechanism of interaction of the monoclonal antibody, Aducanumab, directed against Ab amyloid.
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    Deciphering non-neuronal cells contribution to Alzheimer’s disease pathology using high throughput transcriptomic and proteomic methods

    Date:
    30
    Wednesday
    November
    2022
    Lecture / Seminar
    Time: 14:00-15:00
    Lecturer: Sedi Medina (PhD Thesis Defense Seminar) on Zoom
    Organizer: Department of Brain Sciences
    Details: Student Seminar - PhD Thesis Defense Zoom link:https://weizmann.zoom.us/j/910 ... Read more Student Seminar - PhD Thesis Defense Zoom link:https://weizmann.zoom.us/j/91099678492?pwd=RWp2dlNKYTc4NllCb3VLTGVGOVQ4UT09 Meeting ID: 910 9967 8492 Password: 837997
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    Abstract: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a devastating pathology of the central nervous syste ... Read more Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a devastating pathology of the central nervous system (CNS) of unknown etiology which represents the most common neurodegenerative disorder. For decades, AD was perceived as a disease of the neuron alone. However, research advances in recent years have challenged this concept and shed light on the critical roles of non-neuronal cells on the development and progression of AD. In my PhD, I focused on understanding how two non-neuronal cell types - the Astrocytes and Microglia - respond to AD and how they possibly affect pathological processes. Our research identified a unique population of Astrocytes that significantly increased in association with brain pathology, which we termed disease-associated astrocytes (DAAs). This novel population of DAAs appeared at an early disease stage, increased in abundance with disease progression, and was not observed in young or in healthy adult animals. In addition, similar astrocytes appeared in aged wild-type (WT) mice and in aging human brains, suggesting their linkage to genetic and age-related factors. Aging is considered the greatest risk factor for AD, although the mechanism underlying the aging-related susceptibility to AD is unknown. One emerging factor that is involved in biological aging is the accumulation of senescent cells. Cellular senescence is a process in which aging cells change their characteristic phenotype. Under physiological conditions senescent cells can be removed by the immune system, however with aging, senescent cells accumulate in tissues, either due to a failure of effective removal or due to the accelerated formation of senescent cells. Our data highlight the contribution of non neuronal cells to AD pathogenesis by demonstrating  that 1. Overexpression of a specific gene by astrocytes affected the microglia cells' state, leading to a more homeostatic and less reactive microglial phenotype in comparison to the control group. 2. Accumulation of senescent microglia cells was observed in the brain of aged WT mice and AD mouse model (5xFAD), and by applying different therapeutic strategies we managed to observe significant quantitative differences in these cells, followed by a cognitive amelioration.
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    Immunology and Regenerative Biology Colloquium

    Date:
    17
    Thursday
    November
    2022
    Lecture / Seminar
    Time: 10:00-11:00
    Title: H3K9me and heterochromatin in genome stability, chromatin positioning and cell fate
    Location: Max and Lillian Candiotty Building
    Lecturer: Prof. Susan M. Gasser
    Organizer: Department of Immunology and Regenerative Biology

    “The immune system of bacteria: Beyond CRISPR”

    Date:
    08
    Tuesday
    November
    2022
    Lecture / Seminar
    Time: 10:00-11:00
    Location: Nella and Leon Benoziyo Building for Biological Sciences
    Lecturer: Prof. Rotem Sorek
    Organizer: Department of Biomolecular Sciences
    Abstract: The arms race between bacteria and phages led to the development of sophisticate ... Read more The arms race between bacteria and phages led to the development of sophisticated anti-phage defense systems, including CRISPR-Cas and restriction systems. We have recently reported that the microbial pan-genome contains many new defense systems whose function was so far unexplored. The talk will describe the functions of recently discovered new anti-phage systems. These include systems that utilize secondary metabolites for intracellular or as chemical defense against phages. Surprisingly, our studies show that bacterial defense from phage gave rise to key components in the eukaryotic immune system.
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    Immunology and Regenerative Biology Colloquium

    Date:
    15
    Thursday
    September
    2022
    Lecture / Seminar
    Time: 11:00-12:00
    Title: Stem Cells: Coping with Stress
    Location: Nella and Leon Benoziyo Building for Biological Sciences
    Lecturer: Prof. Elaine Fuchs
    Organizer: Department of Immunology and Regenerative Biology
    Abstract: Using mammalian skin as a model, Prof. Elaine Fuchs studies the remarkable prope ... Read more Using mammalian skin as a model, Prof. Elaine Fuchs studies the remarkable properties of tissue stem cells to replenish dying cells and repair wounds, and how the cells know which tasks to perform and when. She explores how stem cells sense and communicate with other cells in their environment. Aiming at advancing therapeutics, she dissects how communication networks malfunction in inflammation, aging, and cancers.
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    Immunology and Regenerative Biology Colloquium

    Date:
    05
    Monday
    September
    2022
    Lecture / Seminar
    Time: 11:00-12:00
    Title: The ontogeny and function of placental macrophages
    Location: Max and Lillian Candiotty Building
    Lecturer: Prof. Naomi McGovern
    Organizer: Department of Immunology and Regenerative Biology

    Immunology and Regenerative Biology Colloquium

    Date:
    11
    Monday
    July
    2022
    Lecture / Seminar
    Time: 11:00
    Title: Milder disease with Omicron: is it the virus, pre-existing immunity, and will Infection protect us from other variants?
    Location: Nella and Leon Benoziyo Building for Biological Sciences
    Lecturer: Alex Sigal, PhD
    Organizer: Department of Immunology and Regenerative Biology

    What you always wanted to know about nanoparticles, proteins and biomaterials, but never dared to ask

    Date:
    30
    Thursday
    June
    2022
    Lecture / Seminar
    Time: 11:00-12:00
    Location: Gerhard M.J. Schmidt Lecture Hall
    Lecturer: Prof. Dr. Klaus D. Jandt
    Organizer: Department of Molecular Chemistry and Materials Science
    Abstract: This lecture presents an overview on major research work of the Fellow’s group ... Read more This lecture presents an overview on major research work of the Fellow’s group in the areas of polymer nanoparticles for drug delivery, control of protein adsorption on materials surfaces and protein nanofibers. In addition, the new excellence graduate school (Research Training Group) RTG 2723: Materials‐Microbe‐Microenvironments: Antimicrobial biomaterials with tailored structures and properties (M‐M‐M) funded by the German Science Foundation will be introduced. Polymer nanoparticles (PNP) became recently exceedingly popular through novel vaccination technologies but have also major potential for fighting inflammation and cancer. These drug release properties of the PNP depend on their structure. Yet, the literature reports little about the structure and the properties of most PNPs, except the chemical composition. The PNP’s crystallinity, thermal and mechanical properties are frequently ignored, even though they may play a key role in the drug delivery properties of the PNPs. Protein adsorption on biomaterials is the first process after implantation and determines much of the fate of the biomaterial, such as cell adhesion, blood coagulation or infection at the implant site. Despite decades of research, only rules of thumb exist to predict protein adsorption behavior. We present nanotechnological approaches to control protein adsorption using nanostructured semicrystalline polymers and crystal facets of TiO2. Selfassembled protein nanofibers consisting of one or more proteins, potentially allow to tailor the properties of biomaterials interfaces and to create bone mimetic structures. Finally, the new DFG‐RTG 2723: Materials‐Microbe‐Microenvironments: Antimicrobial biomaterials with tailored structures and properties (M‐M‐M) in Jena will be introduced. The aim of the RTG is to provide excellent training for approximately 40 international doctoral researchers in antimicrobial biomaterials in interdisciplinary tandem projects, connecting materials science and medical science. The RTG pursues a new strategy by developing antibiotic free biomaterials, where the antimicrobial action is based mainly on physical principles. The new RTG offers ample opportunity for fruitful cooperation and exchange with leading research institutions in Israel.
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    Special guest seminar with Dr. Or Shemesh

    Date:
    28
    Tuesday
    June
    2022
    Lecture / Seminar
    Time: 09:30-10:30
    Title: Infectious Neuroscience - Do Common Pathogens Play a Part in Neurodegeneration?
    Location: Arthur and Rochelle Belfer Building for Biomedical Research
    Lecturer: Dr. Or Shemesh
    Organizer: Department of Molecular Neuroscience
    Abstract: Herpes Simplex Virus 1 (HSV-1) is a usual suspect when it comes to Alzheimer's d ... Read more Herpes Simplex Virus 1 (HSV-1) is a usual suspect when it comes to Alzheimer's disease (AD), and its DNA and RNA were found in the brains and serological samples of AD patients. Such molecular presence of HSV-1 in AD is especially intriguing as HSV-1 virions are rarely detected in AD brains. To follow the molecular footsteps detected, we imaged viral proteins in postmortem human AD brains at superior resolution using expansion microscopy, a tissue manipulation method that physically expands the samples by a factor of 4.5x, allowing a 40 nm imaging resolution, and immunolabeled herpetic proteins, AD pathologies and cell markers. We found an abundance of herpetic proteins, previously undetectable with standard methods, across large brain areas. Importantly, we found that HSV-1 proteins strongly co-localized with AD pathologies. Consequently, we hypothesized that expression of HSV-1 proteins during latency may be linked to AD pathology. We are now in the process of characterizing the HSV-1 proteome in AD brains by imaging key proteins in expanded AD brain slices and examining their colocalization with AD pathologies across brain areas and disease stages. As a complementary system to the fixed human brain slices, we are exposing live human brain organoids, to HSV-1, and imaging the relationships between viral proteins and the formation of AD pathologies via expansion microscopy. Pathogens may be triggers of immune responses driving AD; this study would shed light on one common pathogen, HSV-1, while serving as a framework to unveiling molecular causation between infectious agents and AD hallmarks.
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    Vaccination against experimentally-induced shared neoantigens

    Date:
    26
    Sunday
    June
    2022
    Lecture / Seminar
    Time: 14:00-15:00
    Location: Max and Lillian Candiotty Building
    Lecturer: Prof. Eli Gilboa
    Organizer: Department of Immunology and Regenerative Biology
    Details: Meeting URL: https://weizmann.zoom.us/j/5065402023?pwd=a3Z6KzRCU0xJaUFoM2Y5emZwZ ... Read more Meeting URL: https://weizmann.zoom.us/j/5065402023?pwd=a3Z6KzRCU0xJaUFoM2Y5emZwZm1oZz09
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    Systems Biology & Immunology Symposium - the two worlds of Nir Friedman

    Date:
    02
    Monday
    May
    2022
    Conference
    Time: 08:00
    Location: David Lopatie Conference Centre
    Organizer: Department of Systems Immunology

    Design and order in the immune system - a workshop in memory of Nir Friedman

    Date:
    25
    Monday
    April
    2022
    -
    01
    Sunday
    May
    2022
    Conference
    Time: 08:00

    Host innate immunity and bacterial commensals prevent fungal dysbiosis in Arabidopsis roots

    Date:
    12
    Tuesday
    April
    2022
    Lecture / Seminar
    Time: 11:30-12:30
    Location: VIA ZOOM: https://weizmann.zoom.us/j/98989152393?pwd=a050Mm4rSlEwb2hLN1FiKy9oT24xdz09 Meeting ID: 989 8915 2393 Password: 002663
    Lecturer: Prof. Stéphane Hacquard
    Organizer: Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences
    Details: Host: Dr. Daniel Dar
    Abstract: Understanding how host–microbe homeostasis is controlled and maintained in pla ... Read more Understanding how host–microbe homeostasis is controlled and maintained in plant roots is key to enhance plant productivity. However, the factors that contribute to the maintenance of this equilibrium between plant roots and their multikingdom microbial communities remain largely unknown. Using a microbiota deconstruction-reconstruction approach in gnotobiotic plant systems with synthetic, yet representative communities of bacteria, fungi, and oomycetes, we observe a link between fungal assemblages/load in roots and plant health. We show that modulation of fungal abundance in roots is tightly controlled by a two-layer regulatory circuit involving the host innate immune system on one hand and bacterial root commensals on another hand. We also report that fungi with the most detrimental activities in mono-association experiments with the host are part of the core root mycobiome in nature. Our results shed a light into how host–microbe and microbe–microbe interactions act in concert to prevent fungal dysbiosis in roots, thereby promoting plant health and maintaining growth-promoting activities of multikingdom microbial consortia.
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    The impact of metabolic processes at the brain’s choroid plexus and of the gut microbiome on Alzheimer’s disease manifestation

    Date:
    24
    Thursday
    March
    2022
    Lecture / Seminar
    Time: 16:00
    Title: Student Seminar - PhD Thesis Defense -ZOOM-
    Lecturer: Afroditi Tsitsou-Kampeli
    Organizer: Department of Brain Sciences
    Details: Zoom link https://weizmann.zoom.us/j/98658552127?pwd=ZkZmWTBkd1AxZ0xPbGlpU3FPUW ... Read more Zoom link https://weizmann.zoom.us/j/98658552127?pwd=ZkZmWTBkd1AxZ0xPbGlpU3FPUWpzUT09 Meeting ID:986 5855 2127 Password:495213
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    Abstract: The immune system and the gut microbiome are becoming major players in chronic n ... Read more The immune system and the gut microbiome are becoming major players in chronic neurodegenerative conditions. One of the key interfaces between the brain and the immune system with an impact on brain function is the choroid plexus (CP). The CP interface is central to the maintenance of brain homeostasis by exerting a plethora of different biological processes. However, in aging and Alzheimer’s disease (AD), interferon type-I (IFN-I) signaling accumulates at the CP and impedes part of its beneficial function by inducing a CP-pro-aging signature. My research contributed to the finding that IFN-I signaling at the CP induces an aging-like signature in microglia and impedes cognitive abilities in middle-aged mice in a microglia-dependent manner. In addition, I demonstrated that the brain-specific enzyme, cholesterol 24-hydroxylase (CYP46A1), is expressed by the CP epithelium and that its product, 24-hydroxycholesterol (24-OH), downregulates CP-pro-inflammatory signatures. Furthermore, in AD, CP CYP46A1 protein levels were decreased in both mice and humans and overexpression of Cyp46a1 at the CP in 5xFAD mice reversed brain inflammation, microglial dysfunction signatures, and cognitive loss. Finally, while the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α impaired CP Cyp46a1 expression in vitro, boosting systemic immunity in vivo increased its levels in an IFNGR2-dependent manner. These results highlight CYP46A1 at the CP as a remote regulator of brain inflammation, which diminishes with neurodegeneration, but is amenable to rescue. Focusing on the gut microbiome, I found that 5xFAD mice devoid of microbiome exhibited a striking decrease of long-term spatial memory deficit and increased synaptic and neuronal survival. Spatial memory deficit in 5xFAD mice kept in germ free (GF) or specific-pathogen free (SPF) conditions, negatively correlated with the abundance of 2-hydroxypyridine, while systemic, chronic supply of 2-hydroxypyridine in SPF 5xFAD mice improved spatial memory deficits in comparison to phosphate-buffered saline (PBS)-supplied 5xFAD mice. Overall, these findings demonstrate a microbiome-dependent effect on AD pathology in the 5xFAD mouse model and suggest a connection between 2-hydroxypyridine and AD manifestation. In general, this research thesis addresses novel aspects of choroid plexus and gut microbiome metabolism and their relation to AD progression. Zoom link https://weizmann.zoom.us/j/98658552127?pwd=ZkZmWTBkd1AxZ0xPbGlpU3FPUWpzUT09 Meeting ID:986 5855 2127 Password:495213
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    Taking Importin beta1 to the BAR

    Date:
    15
    Tuesday
    March
    2022
    Lecture / Seminar
    Time: 10:30-11:00
    Location: Nella and Leon Benoziyo Building for Biological Sciences
    Lecturer: Didi-Andreas Song
    Organizer: Department of Biomolecular Sciences
    Abstract: The nucleocytoplasmic transport factor importin β1 has critical roles in the tr ... Read more The nucleocytoplasmic transport factor importin β1 has critical roles in the transport of injury-regulated cargos in peripheral neurons. I employed biotinylation by antibody recognition (BAR) to identify axonal importin β1 cargos in primary neurons. Axon focused BAR proteomics suggests a new role of importin β1 in long-distance fatty acid signaling in injured neurons.
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    Student Seminar on Zoom - PhD Thesis Defense by Maya Amitai

    Date:
    19
    Wednesday
    January
    2022
    Lecture / Seminar
    Time: 10:00-11:00
    Lecturer: Maya Amitai, MD, PhD
    Organizer: Department of Brain Sciences
    Details: Student Seminar - PhD Thesis Defense Zoom link: https://weizmann.zoom.us/j/9109 ... Read more Student Seminar - PhD Thesis Defense Zoom link: https://weizmann.zoom.us/j/91093085114?pwd=RVBKbEZXbjlsaVZrUVRuNThtVHB1UT09 Meeting ID: 910 9308 5114 Password : 419366
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    Abstract: Depression and anxiety disorders are among the most common childhood psychiatric ... Read more Depression and anxiety disorders are among the most common childhood psychiatric disorders. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are generally considered first-line treatment for both depression and anxiety in this age group. However, 30%–40% of all patients who receive a sufficient dose and duration of treatment fail to respond. Moreover, SSRI use is frequently associated with adverse events (AEs), including activation symptoms, manic switch and increased suicidal behavior (SBs). These are particularly relevant in pediatric populations because of concerns about the suicide threat of SSRIs, resulting in a "black-box" warning. There are currently no biomarkers that can predict treatment response or AEs. Identification of such biomarkers could help to maximize the benefit-risk ratio for the use of SSRIs and speed the matching of treatment to patient. Given the fact that depression / anxiety risk is influenced by both genetic and environmental factors and that both state and trait factors will be important in treatment response prediction, a multidimensional biomarker panel covering several levels of biological information would likely be necessary. The main objective of this research thesis is to identify biomarkers that will aid in the prediction of response and suicidal and other AEs of SSRI treatment in children and adolescents treated for depression and/or anxiety disorders. We examined the involvement of specific biomarkers (miRNA’s, DNA methylation, single nucleotide polymorphism [SNP's] and metabolites) in the response to SSRIs treatment in children and adolescents and in the differences observed between individuals exhibiting response or non-response/AEs to treatment with SSRIs. Two hundred and sixty-six children and adolescents with depression and/or anxiety disorders were recruited and treated with fluoxetine. The overall response rate was 55%. Several targets from several biological domains (DNA methylation profile, miRNA’s and metabolites) were identifies as differentially expressed between responders and non-responders at baseline test. Pathway analysis of the predicted targets was carried out to assess their putative biological functions. Interestingly, when combining targets from the four biological domains, the targets were predicted to regulate specific biological pathways associated with immune system pathways and/or developmental pathways. Dysregulation of complex gene networks in the developing brain is thought to underlie depression with childhood or adolescent onset. Thus, the identified molecules might play critical roles in transcriptional networks related to treatment response and AEs. These transcriptional networks are particularly relevant to the developing human brain and to neurodevelopmental disorders with childhood/adolescent onset, such as depression and anxiety disorders. Zoom link: https://weizmann.zoom.us/j/91093085114?pwd=RVBKbEZXbjlsaVZrUVRuNThtVHB1UT09 Meeting ID: 910 9308 5114 Password : 419366
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    The immune system-gut-brain axis: environmental impacts on aging and neurological disorders

    Date:
    16
    Sunday
    January
    2022
    Lecture / Seminar
    Time: 11:00-12:30
    Location: Wolfson Building for Biological Research
    Lecturer: Dr. Eran Blacher
    Organizer: Department of Molecular Cell Biology
    Details: Zoom link: https://weizmann.zoom.us/j/93005753989?pwd=WllWVlNsUnRPSnVEemRLUUZvU0 ... Read more Zoom link: https://weizmann.zoom.us/j/93005753989?pwd=WllWVlNsUnRPSnVEemRLUUZvU0RLdz09 Meeting ID: 930 0575 3989 Password: 599484
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